Dynamo-electric machine



(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 1.

F. A. FERRET. DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINE.

No. 403,487. Patented May 14, 1889.

(No Model.) 4 SheetsSheet 2.

P. A. FERRET.

DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINE. No. 403,487. Patented May 14; 1889.

Fly. 2.

5M iii/w (No Model.) 4 sheat s-Sheet 3.

F. A. FERRET. DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINE.

No. 403,487. Patented May 14, 1889.

jazz/f 1 2 2767:

wmwuto'o 351 his atto'y n u (No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 4.

F. A. FERRET. DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINE.

Patented May 14, 1889.

WITNESSES.-

NY'PFIERS. Phem-Lvi UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FRANK A. FERRET, OF BROOKLYN, NElY YORK, ASSIGNOR TO THE EIIEKTRON MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF NE\Y YORK.

DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHlNE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N 0. 403,487, dated May 14, 1889.

Application filed December 29, 1888, Serial No. 294,981. (No model.)

T at whom it may concern.- lathe after the field-magnet has been all put Be it known that I, FRANK A. FERRET, a together otherwise. Fig. 7 is a plan view of citizen of the United States, residing at Brookthe frame which serves to carry the armature, lyn, in the county of Kings and State of New bind the plates of the field-magnet together, 55 York, have invented certain new and useful and attach the whole machine to its base. Improvements in Dynamo-Electric Machines Fig. 8 is a sectional detail showing the manand I do hereby declare the following to be a nor of use of the standards which connect the full, clear, and exact description of the invenmachine to the base-board. Figs. 9 and 10 tion, such as will enable others skilled in the show modifications of form permitting the 60 IO art to which it appertains to make and use the separate yoke pieces to be dispensed with. same. Fig. 11 is an end view of the magnet so con- This invention relates to improvements in structed. Fig. 12 is a plan of the form of seethe construction of dynamo-electric machines tion used in making larger machines. Fig. in which it is desirable to have as little ma- 13is an end view of themagnet so constructed, 65 15 chine-work as possible, and have the parts inand Fig. it is an elevation of the form of terchangeable in different machines of the standard for attachment to base. same size. In carrying out my invention I first stamp The invention comprises certain improveout of a suitable gage of soft wellannealed ments in the construction of field-magnet, sheet-iron a number of plates corresponding 70 2o pole-pieces, cores, and yokes from sheet-iron in shape to that shown in Fig. 4:, having the by stamping the parts at once to their finished pole-piece P with shoulders a, core-piece form, so that they may be in'unediately put toand yoke-piece Y, also having the shoulders gether and wound without further manipula- Z) and the extension d. In forming these plates tion or machine-work. I punch at about the center of the pole-piece 75 The invention also comprises a means for a hole, 6, and in the yoke portion Y, I punch clamping together the plates of the field'magtwo holes, f and g, as shown in Fig. 4. The net and attaching them to the base of the yoke-piece Y is so proportioned that when machine, as also certain peculiarities in the the curved faces of the pole-pieces P on the form of the plates making up the field-magnet, opposite sides are the proper distance apart 8o whereby the operation of winding the same for the insertion of the armature the inner is very much facilitated. edges of two corresponding yokes, Y, will sub- The invention also comprises an improved stantially meet from their lower extremities way of mounting the armature in a frame to their centers, as shown by dotted lines in which is firmly fixed to the field-magnet, so Fig. 5, from which point the edges are curved 85 3 5 that when once put together there is no posaway to permit of the opening out of the two sibility of any of the parts slipping from its sides of the field-magnet, for the purpose of exact position, which is very important in ma winding, as indicated at Fig. 6. I next stamp chines oi: the laminated field type. out of similar sheet M iron, but preferably a In the drawings which form part of this somewhat thinner gage, the supplementary 0 l. 40 specification, Figure 1 is a side elevation of yoke-pieces 3 of such length as to reach subthe machine as constructed in accordance stantially across the yoking distance of the with this invention. Fig. 2 is a plan view of magnets. These pieces are plain straight bars the same on a reduced scale. Fig. 3 is an end or plates, and are formed with four holes, elevation of Fig. 2 at the commutator end. two of these holes, f corresponding in size 5 Fig. 4 is a plan. view of one of the plates and position with the holes f in the yoke stamped out ready for use in the field-magpieces Y of the other plates, and two of the net. Fig. is an end view of the field-magholes, g g, corresponding in size and position net when put together ready for winding. with the inner holes, g, stamped in the in- Fig. 6 is an end view of the field-magnet with ward projection of the yoke-pieces Y of the 100 its limbs swung apart by means 01. the jointed other plates.

' yoke-pieces, permitting direct winding in a Thetieldunagnet may be put together conveniently by using pins upon which to thread the plates by means of, for instance, the holes f and f. I first start by placing one of the plates y upon the pins, and then putting on two of the plates P O Yin opposition to each other. Then I place one of the plates y and at the same time place a plain iron washer of the same thickness as the plate y on each of the pole-pieces P, the washers being conveniently held in position by temporary pins located for the purpose, and so on continuously until a proper width of field-magnet has been obtained, one of the plates y and two washers alternating with every pair of magnet-plates, and the outside being finished up with one of the plates y, so that there is one of the latter at each side of the field-magnet. I then insert the bolts h through the holes f and bind the whole together with nuts. I also insert bolts ithrough the holes g and fit these bolts also with nuts. Rods K are previously prepared, plain at their middle portion, with a screw-threaded portion, Z, near each end, and beyond this formed wit-h a shoulder, m, at each end by reducing the diameter of the pin, and at the extreme end screw-threaded for the reception of nuts. I pass one of the rods K through each of the pole-pieces P, and these rods will have the threaded portions Z cut so as to pro ject somewhat beyond the limits of the polepieces of the machine. Before placing the nuts n in position on the threaded portions Z of the rods K, I slip over the latter the metal standards 0, which are preferably of brass and have their pin portions (1 screw-threaded, as shown, the intention being that the threaded portions or studs q of the standards 0 shall pass through the base-board of the machine, and be fastened below by means of nuts, as indicated at Fig. 8, one of the standards 0 being placed on the rods K at each end. The nuts n are then put on and screwed home, the result being to press the plates forming the field-magnet and the intervening washers solidly between the standards 0, the same as if the field-magnet itself were one solid mass, and at the same time affording a most convenient means of attaching the machine to a base-board of any desired character. The armature, having been previously wound and finished, is placed in its position in the circular space between the pole-pieces, and the hangers H, previously fitted for the purpose, are slipped onto the ends of the armatureshaft and onto the ends of the rods K until they come against the shoulders m, and are there held firmly by means of the nuts 8. The armature is thus provided with a solid bearing at each end, and great facility for constructing the bearings perfectly true is afforded by this arrangement. The portions of the rods K intervening between the hangers H and the nuts 07. are utilized for the purposev of placing the brush-holders T in a convenient and readily accessible position.

A field-magnet constructed as above set forth can be readily wound by swinging the limbs apartfor instance, as shown in Fig. 6and then clamping in a chuck or to a faceplate. Insulation is easily applied and the winding can be done quickly. The magnetic joint at the yoke is good and capable of carrying all lines of force set up, since the area of contact at the yoke is in all cases greater than the total cross-sectional area of the core.

In some cases it is desirable to increase the cross-sectional area of the core within the same linear dimensions. I then modify the form of blank and construct it as shown in Figs. 9 and 10, the two being alike in all respects save the .yokes, in which, for the purpose of fastening with a single bolt at the center, I make the joint or parting-line at one side of the center, thus having on one blank a short yoke-extension, d, and on the other a correspondingly longer extension, 6 The bolt-holes f are. as before; but I use only a single hole, 9, at the center. In putting together the two plates are set as in Fig. 11. Then another pair is placed in reversed position, as indicated by the dotted line, showing the next joint to be on the other side of the center. After all are in position, the corner bolts, h, are placed in the holes f and nuts applied to draw all into firm contact, and then the rods K are applied, as before. For winding, the two halves which thus interleave at the'yoke are simply drawn apart bodily, and after winding they are brought together, and a single bolt, 2, is passed through the holes g and secured.

For larger machines of the consequent pole type I punch out a number of single blanks of the form shown at Fig. 12, each having the complete pole-piece P, with shoulders at and two holes, a, the core 0, and the complete yoke Y, having shoulders I? and one hole, g. With these blanks I build up the magnet shown in Fig. 13, four plates being necessary to complete the inclosure, each plate overlapping the next at either the pole-piece or the yoke, as indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 13. The frame for hanging the armature will in this case have four of the bars or rods K. For winding, the magnet is drawn apart at the yokes Y after withdrawing the pins from holes g, and to prevent the plates being pressed together I insert a comb or a number of washers temporarily between the various yoke portions Y. After winding, the two halves are brought together and secured by permanent bolts, as before. I11 this form the standards 0 may to advantage be cast together into a single standard, 0, through which the ends of rods K will project and be secured by nuts 02, as before.

It is to be observed that I do not attempt to insulate layer from layer. On the contrary, I place the iron plates in magnetic contact, as it is desirable to inclose as much iron as possible within the exciting-coils, and the scale always present on commercial sheet-iron has a sufficient electrical resistance to reduce the loss by eddy-currents from plate to plate to an insignificant minimum.

I claim as my invention 1. A dynamo-electric machine having its fieldmagnet built up in layers of thin plates of sheet-iron in planes at right angles to the armatureshaft, each layer composed of at least two portions connected in closed magnetic circuit at the yoke, in combination with one or more clamping-bolts, one of which serves as a pivot upon which the respective portions of the magnet can be swung apart for winding.

2. In a dynamo-electric machine, a fieldmagnet built up in layers of thin plates of sheet-iron, each plate constituting in one piece a pole-piece, a core, and part of the yoke, and pierced with bolt-holes, in combination with bolts passing through all. the layers and holding them in rigid relation together.

3. In a dynamo-electric machine, a fieldmagnet built up in layers of thin plates of sheetiron, each plate constituting in one piece a pole-piece, a core, and part of the yoke, and pierced with bolt-holes, in combination with supplementary yoke-plates, also pierced with bolt-holes and interleaved with the other plates, and bolts passing through all the plates and holding them in rigid relation together.

a. In a dynamo-clectric machine, a fieldniagnet built up in layers composed of thin plates of sheet-iron in planes at right angles to the armature-shaft, each plate having in one piece a pole-piece, a core, and part of the yoke, each plate on one limb being magnetically connected at the yoke to a corresponding plate on the other limb by bolts parallel with the armature-shaft, and all the plates forming one pole of the machine being secured together by bolts passing through their polar portions.

5. In a dynamo-electric machine having its pole piece laminated and perforated with bolt-holes, the bolts or rods K, provided with nuts '21, for compressing the pole-plates together, and having shoulders 'm, in combination with the armature-hangers II and nuts .9, whereby the rods K serve to hang the armature in true alignment and prevent individual motion of the plates.

6. In a dynamoelectric machine having its pole pieces laminated and perforated with bolt-holes, the bolts or rods K, provided with nuts 77, for compressing the pole-pieces, and having shoulders m, in combination with the hangers II and one or more standards, 0, secured between the nuts nandsaid pole-pieces.

In testimony whereof I a'liix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

FRANK. A. FERRET.

IVitnesses:

JAMEs J. FERRY, WILLIAM J. Howin. 

